Banking: Savings and Checking

Banking - Savings and Checking
When it comes to finding a safe place to put your money, there are a lot of options. Savings accounts, checking accounts, certificate of deposits and money market accounts are popular choices. Each has different rules and benefits that fit different needs.
When choosing the one that is right for you, consider:
***Minimum deposit requirements. Some accounts can only be set up with a minimum dollar amount. If your account goes below the minimum, no interest is paid or you are charged extra fees.
***Limits on withdrawals. Can you take money out whenever you want? Are there any penalties for doing so?
***Interest. How much (if anything) is paid and when: daily, monthly, quarterly, yearly? To compare rates offered locally to those from financial institutions around the nation, visit http://www.bankrate.com/.
***Deposit insurance. Look for a sign that says your money is protected by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Credit union accounts have similar protection from the National Credit Union Administration.
***Convenience. How easy is it to put money in and take it out? Are there tellers or ATM machines close to where you work and live? Or would you receive most of your service via the telephone or Internet? Can you make direct deposits and other electronic transfers?
If you are considering a checking account or another type of account with check-writing privileges, add these items to your list of things to think about:
***Number of checks. Is there a maximum number of checks you can write per month? If you write more, what is the charge?
***Amount of check. Is there a minimum or maximum amount for any one check?
***Account and check fees. Is there a monthly fee for the account or a charge for each check you write? Some accounts only charge a fee if you write more than a certain number of checks per month.
***Holds on checks. Is there a "hold" or waiting period before you can access the money you deposit in your account? There may be a longer hold period for out-of-state checks.
***Overdrafts. If you write a check for more money than you have in your account, what happens? You may be able to link your checking account to a savings account to protect yourself. There could also be high fees for "bounced" checks (from you or written to you). Bounced checks can blemish your credit record so it's better to be covered.
Checks 21 The new Check Clearing for the 21st Century Act (often referred to as Check 21) allows banks to clear checks electronically instead of exchanging actual paper checks. Banks no longer have to return original checks with your monthly statements or even when there is a problem with a particular check.
Check 21 creates "substitute checks" which you can use as legal representations of the originals. Ordinary check images, which some banks have provided for years, are NOT substitute checks. It has always been a good idea to get canceled checks with your monthly statement. Now you will want "substitute checks" each month.Banks usually take at least a day or two to process paper checks, but electronic processing can happen almost immediately.
This means you have less "float" time between when you write a check and when the money is actually taken out of your account. This could increase the chance that one of your checks will bounce due to insufficient funds. Having your employer deposit your paycheck directly into your account can help you cope with the change in "float" time. Quicker clearing also means less time to stop payment on a check.
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Banking: ATM/Debit Cards

Banking - ATM/Debit Cards
With a debit card and personal identification number (PIN), you can use an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) to withdraw cash, make deposits, or transfer funds between accounts. Some ATMs charge a fee if you are not a member of the ATM network or are making a transaction at a remote location.
Retail purchases can also be made with a debit card. You enter your PIN or sign for the purchase. Some banks charge customers a fee for debit card purchases made with a PIN. Although a debit card looks like a credit card, the money for the purchase is transferred immediately from your bank account to the store's account. When you use a debit card, federal law also does not give you the right to stop payment. You must resolve the problem with the seller.
If you suspect your debit card has been lost or stolen, immediately call the card issuer. Many companies have toll-free numbers and a 24-hour service to deal with such emergencies. While federal law limits your liability for a lost or stolen credit card to $50, your liability for unauthorized use of your ATM or debit card can be much greater, depending on how quickly you report the loss.
***If you report a debit card missing before it is used, you are not responsible for any unauthorized withdrawals.
***Your liability is limited to $50 if you report the loss within two business days after you realize your debit card is missing and to $500 if you report the loss after two but before 60 days.
***If you have not reported an unauthorized use of a debit or ATM card 60 days after your bank mails the statement documenting the unauthorized use, you could lose all the money in your bank account as well as the unused portion of your line of credit established for overdrafts. Check the policies of your card issuer. Some offer more generous limits on a voluntary basis.
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Zen

Zen

1. Overflowed tea = Think himself has more knowledge, need no more new knowledge.

2. Oh, umbrella, shading me from heat and cold. Have I ever shaded anyone at all? = Have you ever help someone?

3. He is a man in the world yet not of the world. = Are you great in dharma?

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Credit: Credit Cards(Selecting a Credit Card)

Credit - Credit Cards(Selecting a Credit Card)
Chances are you've received "pre-approved" credit card offers in the mail. Examine the fine print carefully before you accept any offer for a credit or charge card. Look for:
***The Annual Percentage Rate (APR). If the interest rate is variable, how is it determined and when can it change?
***The periodic rate. This is the interest rate used to figure the finance charge on your balance each billing period.
***The annual fee. While some cards have no annual fee, others expect you to pay an amount each year for being a cardholder.
***The grace period. This is the number of days you have to pay your bill before finance charges start. Without this period, you may have to pay interest from the date you use your card or when the purchase is posted to your account.
***The finance charges. Most lenders calculate finance charges using an average daily account balance, which is the average of what you owed each day in the billing cycle. Look for offers that use an adjusted balance, which subtracts your monthly payment from your beginning balance. This method usually has the lowest finance charges. Stay away from offers that use the previous balance in calculating what you owe; this method has the highest finance charge. Also don't forget to check if there is a minimum finance charge.
***Other fees. Ask about special fees when you get a cash advance, make a late payment, or go over your credit limit. Some companies charge a monthly fee regardless of whether you use your card.
The Fair Credit and Charge Card Disclosure Act require credit and charge card issuers to include this information on credit applications. The Federal Trade Commission offers a wide range of free publications on credit and consumer rights at http://www.ftc.gov/. The Federal Reserve Board provides a free brochure on choosing a credit card and a guide to credit protection laws at http://www.federalreserve.gov/.
Comparing Cards
***Bank Rate (http://www.bankrate.com/) provides free credit card tips and information. ***Consumer Action (http://www.consumer-action.org/) has a site that features credit card surveys of interest rates, fees and other terms from dozens of credit cards, as well as free brochures and guides on choosing and using credit cards.
***Card Web (http://www.cardweb.com/) lists credit cards and offers e-mail newsletters, frequently asked questions and online credit card calculators.
***Card Ratings (http://www.cardratings.com/) lists and reviews credit cards, and offers tips and credit card calculators.
Lost and Stolen Credit Cards
Immediately call the card issuer when you suspect a credit or charge card has been lost or stolen. Many companies have toll-free numbers and 24-hour service to deal with such emergencies.
By federal law, once you report the loss or theft of a card, you have no further responsibility for unauthorized charges. In any event, your maximum liability under federal law is $50 per card.
Complaints
To complain about a problem with your credit card company, call the company first and try to resolve the problem. If you fail to resolve the issue, ask for the name, address and phone number of its regulatory agency.
If the word national appears in the name or the letters N.A. appear after the name, the Office of the Comptroller oversees its operations.
To complain about a credit bureau, department store or other FDIC-insured financial institution, write to the Consumer Response Center. You may also file a complaint online at http://www.ftc.gov/.
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Credit: Loans

Credit - Loans
Home-Equity Loans
Consider carefully before taking out a home equity loan. Although this type of loan might let you take tax deductions that you could not take with other types of loans, they reduce the equity you have built up in your house. If you are unable to make payments, you could lose your home.
Home equity loans can either be a revolving line of credit or a one-time, closed-end loan. Revolving credit lets you choose when and how often to borrow against the equity in your home. In a closed-end loan, you receive a lump sum for a particular purpose, such as remodeling or tuition. Apply for a home equity loan through a bank or credit union first. These loans are likely to cost less than those offered by finance companies.
See the Housing section for helpful information about buying, leasing, renting or repairing a home.
Installment Loans
Before you sign an agreement for a loan to buy a house, a car or other large purchase, make sure you fully understand all the lender's terms and conditions, including:
***The dollar amount you are borrowing
***The payment amounts and when they are due
***The total finance charge, the total of all the interest and fees you must pay to get the loan ***The Annual Percentage Rate (APR), the rate of interest you will pay over the full term of the loan
***Penalties for late payments
***What the lender will do if you can't pay back the loan
***Penalties if you pay the loan back early The Truth in Lending Act requires lenders to give you this information so you can compare different offers.
Payday and Tax Refund Loans
With a typical payday loan, you might write a personal check for $115 to borrow $100 for two weeks, until payday. The annual percentage rate (APR) in this example is 390 percent! Payday loans are illegal in some states.
Another high cost way to borrow money is a tax refund loan. This type of credit lets you get an advance on a tax refund. APRs as high as 774% have been reported. If you are short of cash, avoid both of these loans by asking for more time to pay a bill or seeking a traditional loan. Even a cash advance on your credit card may cost less.
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Credit: General tips

Credit - General tips
Like everything else you buy, credit has a price tag and it pays to comparison shop. With the Internet, you can now compare local credit offers with those from financial institutions around the nation. For up-to-date interest rate reports on mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, home equity loans, and other banking products visit http://www.bankrate.com/. Or for a listing of credit cards, visit http://www.cardlocator.com/.
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act protects you when dealing with anyone who regularly offers credit, including banks, finance companies, stores, credit card companies and credit unions. When you apply for credit, a creditor may not:
***Ask about or consider your sex, race, national origin or religion
***Ask about your marital status or your spouse, unless you are applying for a joint account or relying on your spouse's income, or you live in a community property state (Arizona, California, Idaho, Louisiana, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas and Washington)
***Ask about your plans to have or raise children
***Refuse to consider public assistance income or regularly received alimony or child support ***Refuse to consider income because of your sex or marital status or because it is from part-time work or retirement benefits
You have the right to:
***Have credit in your birth name, your first name and your spouse's last name, or your first name and a combined last name
***Have a co-signer other than your spouse if one is necessary
***Keep your own accounts after you change your name or marital status or retire, unless the creditor has evidence you are unable or unwilling to pay
***Know why a credit application was rejected-the creditor must give you the specific reasons or tell you how you can get them if you ask within 60 days
***Have accounts shared with your spouse reported in both your names
***Know how much it will cost to borrow money For additional information on credit, see Buying a Home and Buying a Car. Other sources of information include the HUD Housing Counseling Clearinghouse (1-888-466-3487), the FTC and the National Consumer Law Center.
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Insurance: Beware Insurance Fraud

Insurance - Beware Insurance Fraud
To avoid insurance fraud:
***Be wary of people selling insurance door-to-door and over the telephone.
***Be suspicious if, after an accident, a stranger contacts you to offer “quick cash” or recommends a particular attorney or health care provider. Report the incident to your police department.

***Don’t give your insurance identification numbers to companies you don’t know.
***Carry a disposable camera in your glove compartment. If you are in an accident, take pictures of the damage and the people involved. Ask for names, telephone numbers and driver’s license information for all those involved. Contact information for any witnesses is also a good idea. If you suspect fraud, call the National Insurance Crime Bureau’s hotline at 1-800-835-6422. For more information, check out http://www.insurancefraud.org/
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Insurance: Long-Term Care and Other Insurance

Insurance - Long-Term Care and Other Insurance
Medical advances have resulted in an increased need for nursing home care and assisted living. Most health insurance plans and Medicare severely limit or exclude long-term care. Here are some questions to ask when considering a separate long-term care insurance policy.
***What qualifies you for benefits? Some insurers say you must be unable to perform a specific number of the following activities of daily living: eating, walking, getting from bed to a chair, dressing, bathing, using a toilet and remaining continent.
***What type of care is covered? Does the policy cover nursing home care? What about coverage for assisted living facilities that provide less client care than a nursing home? If you want to stay in your home, will it pay for care provided by visiting nurses and therapists? What about help with food preparation and housecleaning?
***What will the benefit amount be? Most plans are written to provide a specific dollar benefit per day. The benefit for home care is usually about half the nursing-home benefit. But some policies pay the same for both forms of care. Other plans pay only for your actual expenses. ***What is the benefit period? It is possible to get a policy with lifetime benefits but this can be very expensive. Other options for coverage are from one to six years. The average nursing home stay is about 2.5 years.
***Is the benefit adjusted for inflation? If you buy a policy prior to age 60, you face the risk that a fixed daily benefit will not be enough by the time you need it.
***Is there a waiting period before benefits begin? A 20 to 100 day period is not unusual.
Other Insurance
***Travel Insurance. There are four kinds of travel insurance: Travel Cancellation Insurance, Baggage or Personal Effects Coverage, Emergency Medical Coverage and Accidental Death. One helpful website is http://www.insuremytrip.com/.
***Identity Theft Insurance. This type of insurance provides reimbursement to crime victims for the cost of restoring their identity and repairing credit reports. Some companies now include this as part of their homeowner's insurance policy. Others sell it as a stand-alone policy. Ask your homeowner policy company for information.
***International Healthcare Insurance. A policy that provides health coverage no matter where you are in the world. The policy term is flexible so you can purchase only for the time you will be out of the country. Check online or write your current healthcare provider for coverage information.
***Liability Insurance. Insurance for what the policyholder is legally obligated to pay because of bodily injury or property damage caused to another person. Search online or ask your personal insurance agent for more information.
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Insurance: Life and Disability

Insurance - Life and Disability
Life Insurance
Your need for life insurance will change with changes in your life. For example, the arrival of children usually triggers a sharp increase in the amount you need. As children grow older and leave the nest, you will probably need less protection. Term life insurance policies are the least costly. They pay death benefits but have no cash value if you decide to stop making payments. As the word "term" suggests, these policies are in effect for a specific period of time-one year or until you reach a certain age are common. Visit http://www.accuquote.com/ for online comparisons of term life insurance.
Whole life, universal life, and other cash value policies combine a long-term savings and investment product with life insurance. Canceling these policies after only a few years can more than double your life insurance costs.
Disability Insurance
Disability can be more disastrous financially than death. If you are disabled, you lose your earning power, but you still have living expenses and often huge expenses for medical care. When purchasing disability insurance, ask:
***How is disability defined? Some policies consider you disabled if you are unable to perform the duties of any job. Better plans pay benefits if you are unable to do the usual duties of your own occupation.
***When do benefits begin? Most plans have a waiting period after an illness before payments begin.
***How long do benefits last? After the waiting period, payments are usually available till you reach age 65, though shorter or longer terms are also available.
***What dollar amount is promised? Can benefits be reduced by Social Security disability and workers' compensation payments? Are the benefits adjusted for inflation? Will the policy provider continue making contributions to your pension plan so you have retirement benefits when the disability coverage ends? For more information on disability insurance, visit http://www.iii.org/ and http://www.hiaa.org/.
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Insurance: Health Insurance

Insurance - Health Insurance
Most consumers have healthcare coverage from an employer. Others have medical care paid through a government program such as Medicare, Medicaid, or the Veterans Administration.
If you have lost your group coverage from an employer as the result of unemployment, death, divorce, or loss of "dependent child" status, you may be able to continue your coverage temporarily under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA). You, not the employer, pay for this coverage. When one of these events occurs, you must be given at least 60 days to decide whether you wish to purchase the coverage.
Some states offer an insurance pool to residents who are unable to obtain coverage because of a health condition. To find out if a pool is available in your state, check with your state department of insurance.
Most states also offer free or low-cost coverage for children who do not have health insurance. Visit http://www.insurekidsnow.gov/ or call 1-877-KIDS-NOW (543-7669) for more information.
Healthcare Plans
When purchasing health insurance, your choices will typically fall into one of three categories:
***Traditional fee-for-service health insurance plans are usually the most expensive choice. But they offer you the most flexibility when choosing healthcare providers.
***Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) offer lower co-payments and cover the costs of more preventative care, but your choice of healthcare providers is limited. The National Committee for Quality Assurance evaluates and accredits HMOs. You can find out whether one is accredited in your state by calling 1-888-275-7585. You can also get this information as well as report cards on HMOs by visiting its website (http://www.ncqa.org/).
***Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs) offer lower co-payments like HMOs but give you more flexibility when selecting a provider. A PPO gives you a list of providers you can choose from. WARNING: If you go outside the HMO or PPO network of providers, you may have to pay a portion or all of the costs.
Medicare Beneficiaries
Medicare beneficiaries can compare HMO programs at http://www.medicare.gov/ and http://www.medicarenewswatch.com/, or by calling Health Metrix Research Inc. at 1-888-223-3515.
When choosing among different healthcare plans, you'll need to read the fine print and ask lots of questions, such as:
***Do I have the right to go to any doctor, hospital, clinic or pharmacy I choose?
***Are specialists such as eye doctors and dentists covered?
***Does the plan cover special conditions or treatments such as pregnancy, psychiatric care and physical therapy?
***Does the plan cover home care or nursing home care?
***Will the plan cover all medications my physician might prescribe?
***What are the deductibles? Are there any co-payments?
***What is the most I will have to pay out of my own pocket to cover expenses?
***Are there any limits on expenses covered in a year? In my lifetime?
***If there is a dispute about a bill or service, how is it handled? In some plans, you may be required to have a third-party decide how to settle the problem.
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Insurance: Homeowner and Renter's

Insurance - Homeowner and Renter's
You may be able to save hundreds of dollars a year on homeowners insurance by shopping around. You can also save money with these tips.
***Consider a higher deductible. Increasing your deductible by just a few hundred dollars can make a big difference in your premium.
***Ask your insurance agent about discounts. You may be able get a lower premium if your home has safety features such as dead-bolt locks, smoke detectors, an alarm system, storm shutters or fire retardant roofing material. Persons over 55 years of age or long-term customers may also be offered discounts.
***Insure your house NOT the land under it. After a disaster, the land is still there. If you don't subtract the value of the land when deciding how much homeowner's insurance to buy, you will pay more than you should.
***Don't wait till you have a loss to find out if you have the right type and amount of insurance. ***Make certain you purchase enough coverage to replace what is insured. "Replacement" coverage gives you the money to rebuild your home and replace its contents. An "Actual Cash Value" policy is cheaper but pays only what your property is worth at the time of loss-your cost minus depreciation for age and wear.
***Ask about special coverage you might need..You may have to pay extra for computers, cameras, jewelry, art, antiques, musical instruments, stamp collections, etc.
***Remember that flood and earthquake damage are not covered by a standard homeowners policy. The cost of a separate earthquake policy will depend on the likelihood of earthquakes in your area. Homeowners who live in areas prone to flooding should take advantage of the National Flood Insurance Program.
***If you are a renter, do not assume your landlord carries insurance on your personal belongings. Purchase a separate policy for renters
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Insurance: Auto Insurance

Insurance - Auto Insurance
Getting several quotes on insurance for a motor vehicle may save you hundreds of dollars a year. Other ways to reduce your insurance premium are:
Raise your deductibles on collision and comprehensive coverages. If you have an old car, you might want to drop these coverages altogether.
Take advantage of discounts. Some companies offer discounts to motorists who drive less than a certain amount of miles per year, are students with good grades, have taken a safe-driving course or are over 50 years old. You might also be able to get discounts if you insure more than one vehicle, insure your vehicle and your home with the same company, have had no moving vehicle violations or accidents in three years, have anti-theft devices or have safety features such as air bags.
Shopping for and buying insurance on the Internet offers consumers a new level of convenience, but you need to protect yourself when purchasing insurance online. Do your research, double-check the company and agent, update your browser (newer browsers are equipped with security measures that alert you to insecure sites), get all quotes and policy information in writing and keep detailed records. Go to your state insurance department for more information on company and agent requirements.
You can also find valuable information about car ownership in the Cars section.
Insurance Tips
Be wary of people selling insurance door-to-door and over the telephone.
Be suspicious if, after an accident, a stranger contacts you to offer "quick cash" or recommends a particular attorney or healthcare provider. Report the incident to your police department.
Don't give your insurance identification numbers to companies you don't know.
Carry a disposable camera in your glove compartment. If you are in an accident, take pictures of the damage and the people involved. Ask for names, telephone numbers and driver's license information for all those involved. Getting contact information for any witnesses is also a good idea.
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Insurance: General Tips

Insurance-General Tips
General sources of insurance information include the American Council of Life Insurers, the Insurance Information Institute, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, and your state insurance department.
When buying insurance:
***Find out whether your state insurance department offers any information concerning insurance companies and rates. This is a good way to get a feeling for the range of prices and the lowest-cost providers in your area.
***Check several sources for the best deal. Try getting quotes from a website such as http://www.insweb.com/, but be aware that many online services may provide prices for just a few companies. An independent insurance agent that works with several insurers in your local area might be able to get you a better deal.
***Check the financial stability and soundness of the insurance company. Ratings from A.M. Best, Standard & Poor's, Moody's Investors Services , and Weiss Ratings, Inc. are available online and at most public libraries.
***Research the complaint record of the company. Contact your state insurance department or visit the website of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners), which has a database of complaints filed with state regulators.
***Find out what others think about the company's customer service. Consumers can rate homeowner insurance companies at www.jdpower.com/homes/insuranceratings.
***Once you pay your first insurance premium, make sure you receive a written policy. This tells you the agent forwarded your premium to the insurance company. If you don't receive a policy within 60 days, contact your agent and the insurance company. If you suspect fraud, call the National Insurance Crime Bureau's hotline at 1-800-835-6422. Or for more information, check out the Coalition Against Insurance Fraud website
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Cars: Renting a Vehicle

Cars - Renting a Vehicle
Federal law does not cover short-term car and truck rentals, but some state laws do. Contact your local consumer protection office for information or to file a complaint.
***Ask in advance if there are any charges besides the stated rental fee. There may be an airport surcharge or drop-off fees, insurance fees, fuel charges, mileage fees, taxes, additional-driver fees, under aged-driver fees, and equipment rental fees (for items such as ski racks and car seats).
***Ask if the rental company checks the driving records of customers when they arrive at the counter. If so, you could be rejected even if you have a confirmed reservation.
***Check in advance to be sure you aren't duplicating insurance coverage. If you're traveling on business, your employer might have insurance that covers damage to the vehicle if you are in an accident. You might also have coverage through your personal auto insurance, a motor club membership, or the credit card you used to reserve the rental.
***Carefully inspect the vehicle and its tires before renting.
***Check refueling policies and charges.
***Ask the rental company if a deposit is required. If so, ask for a clear explanation of the deposit refund procedures.
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Cars: Leasing a Vehicle

Cars - Leasing a Vehicle
When you lease, you pay to drive someone else's vehicle. Monthly lease payments may be lower than loan payments, but at the end of the lease you have no ownership or equity in the car. To get the best deal, follow the advice below in addition to the general suggestions for buying a car.
***To help you compare leasing versus owning, the Consumer Leasing Act requires leasing companies to give you information on monthly payments and other charges. Check out Leaseguide.com, Leasecompare.com and Leasesource.com for online information on leases including current lease deals.
***Negotiate all the lease terms including the price of the vehicle. Lowering the base price will help reduce your monthly payments.
***Ask for details on wear and tear standards. Dings that you regard as normal wear and tear could be billed as significant damage at the end of your lease.
***Find out how many miles you can drive in a year. Most leases allow 12,000 to 15,000 miles a year. Expect a charge of 10 to 25 cents for each additional mile.
***Check the manufacturer's warranty. It should cover the entire lease term and the number of miles you are likely to drive.
***Ask the dealer what happens if you give up the car before the end of your lease. There may be extra fees for doing so.
***Ask what happens if the car is involved in an accident.
***Get all the terms in writing. Everything included with the car should be listed on the lease to avoid being charged for "missing" equipment later.
The Federal Reserve Board of Governors offers a consumer guide to auto leasing.
Credit and Sublease Brokers
Con artists often prey on people who have bad credit and who cannot get car loans. "Credit brokers" promise to get a loan for you in exchange for a high fee. In many cases, the "broker" takes the fee and disappears. "Sublease brokers" charge a fee to arrange for you to "sublease" or "take over" someone else's car lease or loan. Such deals usually violate the original loan or lease agreement. Your car can be repossessed even if you've made all of your payments. You also might have trouble insuring your car.
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Cars: Dealer Versus Private Party Purchases

Cars - Dealer Versus Private Party Purchases
In general, buying from a dealer is a safer option because you are dealing with an institution, which means you are better protected by law. The Federal Trade Commission requires dealers to post a Buyer's Guide in the window of each used car or truck on their lot.
This Guide specifies whether the vehicle is being sold "as is" or with a warranty, and what percentage of repair costs a dealer will pay under the warranty. Keep in mind that private sellers generally have less responsibility than dealers for defects or other problems. FTC rules do not apply to private-party sales.
Expect to pay higher prices at a dealer than if you buy from an individual. Many dealers inspect their cars and provide an inspection report with each car. However, this is no substitute for your own inspection. Some dealers provide limited warranties, and most sell extended warranties. Watch out for dealer warranties that are "powertrain" warranties only, and not "bumper-to-bumper" full-coverage warranties. It's best to compare warranties from multiple sources.
Some dealers provide "certified" cars. This generally means that the cars have had a more thorough inspection and come with a limited warranty. Prices for certified cars are generally higher. Be sure to get a list of what was inspected and what is covered under the warranty.
Purchasing a car from a private seller could save you money, but there are risks. The car could be stolen, damaged or still under a finance agreement. If a private seller lies to you about the condition of the vehicle, you may sue the individual if you have evidence and you can find him. An individual is very unlikely to give a written warranty.
Beware: Dealers Posing as Individuals
Some dealers pretend to be private sellers to avoid legal obligations and to sell problematic cars to unsuspecting buyers. Be wary: if an ad gives only a mobile number or specifies a time to call; if the same number appears in several ads; or the seller wants to bring the car to you or meet you somewhere.
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Cars: General Tips on Buying a Used Vehicle

Cars - General Tips on Buying a Used Vehicle
***Learn what rights you have when buying a used car. Contact your local consumer protection office.
***Find out in advance what paperwork you will need to register a vehicle. Contact your state's motor vehicle department.
***Check prices of similar models using the NADA Official Used Car Guide published by the National Automobile Dealer Association or the Kelly Blue Book. These guides are usually available at local libraries.
***Research the vehicle's history. Ask the seller for details concerning past owners, use, and maintenance. Next, find out whether the car has been damaged in a flood, involved in a crash, been labeled a lemon or had its odometer rolled back. The vehicle identification number (VIN) will help you do this.
***Your state motor vehicle department can research the car's title history. Inspect the title for "salvage," "rebuilt," or similar notations.
***The websites http://www.carfax.com/ and http://www.autocheck.com/ sell information on the history of vehicles gathered from state motor vehicle departments and other sources. These reports are helpful but they do not guarantee that a vehicle is accident-free.
***The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration lists VINs of its crash-test vehicles and will let you search an online database of manufacturer service bulletins.
***The Center for Auto Safety provides information on safety defects, recalls, and lemons, as well as service bulletins.
***Visit http://www.safetyforum.com/ for a free online search of its database of lemons registered by previous owners.
***Make sure any mileage disclosures match the odometer reading on the car.
***Check the warranty. If a manufacturer's warranty is still in effect, contact the manufacturer to make sure you can use the coverage.
***Ask about the dealer's return policy. Get it in writing and read it carefully.
***Have the car inspected by your mechanic. Talk to the seller and agree in advance that you'll pay for the examination if the car passes inspection, and that the seller will pay if significant problems are discovered. A qualified mechanic should check the vehicle's frame, tires, air bags and undercarriage, as well as the engine.
***Examine dealer documents carefully. Make sure you are buying-not leasing-the vehicle. Leases use terms such as "balloon payment" and "base mileage" disclosures.
Beware: Curb Stoning & Title Washing Curb stoning occurs when a dealer has an inferior or damaged car he can't sell on his lot. He gives the car to a salesperson to sell through the classifieds, as if it were a private party sale. A title history report will show that the title recently changed hands and could reveal that it is a lemon or an otherwise branded car. Be suspicious if the seller's name is different from the name on the title.
Title washing occurs when scam artists try to sell a salvage vehicle by concealing its history of damage from a buyer. Although a vehicle's title should show if it has been damaged or salvaged, some states do not document titles in the same way as other states. By moving a vehicle and its title through several different states, con artists try to "wash" out the title branding of salvage or damage. The best way to avoid this trick is to buy only from reputable dealers and/or to get a title guarantee in writing.
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Cars: Buying a New Car

Cars - Buying a New Car
***Check out different vehicles. Several Internet sites can help you compare features and prices on new motor vehicles. Visit http://www.where-can-i-buy-a-car-online.com/ for links to these sites. A scorecard reports on the features of each site including whether quotes are free, the availability of financing, and site security. Four key resources that offer information in print and online concerning vehicle performance, service and safety are: Consumer Reports, Motor Trend, Car and Driver, and Edmunds.
***Research the dealer’s price for the car and options. It’s easier to get the best price when you know what the dealer paid for a vehicle. The dealer invoice price is available at a number of websites and in printed pricing guides. Consumer Reports provides the wholesale price. Lower than the invoice price, this figure factors in dealer incentives from a manufacturer and is a more accurate estimate of what a dealer is paying for a vehicle.
***Find out if the manufacturer is offering rebates that will lower the cost. Two websites that offer this information are Carsdirect.com and Autopedia.com.
***Get price quotes from several dealers. Find out if the amounts quoted are the prices before or after rebates are deducted.
***Avoid high-profit, low-value extras such as credit insurance, auto club memberships, extended warranties, rust proofing and upholstery finishes. You do not have to purchase credit insurance in order to get a loan.
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Cars: General Tips

Cars - General Tips
Whether you are buying or leasing a vehicle, these tips will help you get the best deal and avoid problems.
***Decide what kind of vehicle best suits your needs and budget.. Read our tips for choosing a safe vehicle. To compare models and get car buying tips, visit Edmunds.com or InternetAutoGuide.com.
***Consider fuel economy. A vehicle that gets more miles per gallon is good for your wallet as well as for the environment.
***Check out the seller. For car dealers, check with your local consumer protection office and Better Business Bureau. If you're buying from an individual, check the title to make sure you're dealing with the vehicle owner.
***Take a test drive. Drive at different speeds and check for smooth right and left turns. On a straight stretch, make sure the vehicle doesn’t pull to one side.
***Handle trade-ins and financing separately from your purchase to get the best deal on each. Get a written price quote before you talk about a trade-in or dealer financing.
***Shop in advance for the best finance deal at your credit union, bank or finance company. Look at the total finance charges and the Annual Percentage Rate (APR), not just the monthly payment.
***Read and understand every document you are asked to sign.
***Don’t take possession of the car until all paperwork is final.
***Choose an auto insurance policy that is right for you..
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Investing: Beware Investment Fraud

Investing - Beware Investment Fraud
Beware: Investment Fraud Deceptive pitches for investments often misrepresent or leave out facts in order to promote fantastic profits with little risk. No investment is risk-free and a high rate of return means greater risk. Before investing, get written information such as a prospectus or annual report. Beware if a salesperson:
***Encourages you to borrow money or cash in retirement funds to invest
***Pressures you to invest immediately
***Promises quick profits
***Says that the disclosure documents required by federal law are just a formality
***Tells you to write false information on your account form
***Sends material with typos or misspellings or not printed on letterhead
***Does not send your money promptly
***Offers to share inside information
***Uses words like "guarantee," "high return," "limited offer," or "as safe as a CD"
***Uses the phrase "this investment is IRA approved"
***Claims "off-shore investments are tax-free and confidential"
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Investment: General Tips

Investing - General Tips
Investors today have a wide range of choices: stocks, bonds, mutual funds, Treasury securities (including savings bonds), options, commodities, commodity futures, real estate investment trusts (REITs), variable annuities and many more. You must investigate before you invest-and remember that every investment involves some degree of risk.
These investments are not insured by the federal government if they lose money or fail, even if you purchase them through a bank or credit union that offers federally insured savings accounts.
Make sure you have answers to all of these questions before you invest.
***How quickly can you get your money back? Stocks, bonds, and shares in mutual funds can usually be sold at any time, but there is no guarantee you will get back all the money you paid for them. Other investments, such as limited partnerships, often restrict your ability to cash out your holdings.
***What can you expect to earn on your money? While bonds generally promise a fixed return, earnings on most other securities go up and down with market changes. Also, keep in mind that just because an investment has done well in the past, there is no guarantee it will do well in the future.
***What type of earnings can you expect? Will you get income in the form of interest, dividends or rent? Some investments, such as stocks and real estate, have the potential for earnings and growth in value. What is the potential for earnings over time?
***How much risk is involved? With any investment, there is always the risk that you won't get your money back or the earnings promised. There is usually a trade-off between risk and reward: the higher the potential return, the greater the risk. The federal government insures bank savings accounts and backs up U.S. Treasury securities, including savings bonds. Other investment options are not protected.
***Are your investments diversified? Some investments perform better than others in certain situations. For example, when interest rates go up, bond prices tend to go down. One industry may struggle while another prospers. Putting your money in a variety of investment options can help to reduce your risk.
***Are there any tax advantages to a particular investment? U.S. Savings Bonds are exempt from state and local taxes. Municipal bonds are exempt from federal income tax and, sometimes, state income tax as well. For special goals, such as paying for college and retirement, tax-deferred investments are available that let you postpone or even eliminate payment of income taxes.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) requires public companies to disclose relevant financial information to help you make sound decisions. You can view the text of these files online. You can also call SEC's toll-free Investor Information Service at 1-800-732-0330 to obtain free publications and investor alerts or to learn how to file a complaint. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) also provides up-to-date market data and information for a wide range of stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and other securities through its Market Data Center.
The following companies rate the financial condition of corporations and municipalities issuing bonds. Their ratings are available online and at many public libraries.
***Standard & Poor’s
***Moody’s Investors Services
***Weiss Ratings For ratings of mutual funds, consult magazines such as Kiplinger's Personal Finance, Money, Consumer Reports, Smart Money, and Worth. To compare expenses, use the Mutual Fund Expense Analyzer available at http://www.finra.org/.
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Internet: Spam & Phishing

Internet - Spam and Phishing
E-mail spam is not just unwanted, it can be offensive. Pornographic spam causes many consumer complaints. Decrease the number of spam e-mails you receive by making it difficult for spammers to get and use your e-mail address.
***Don't use an obvious e-mail address, such as JaneDoe@isp.com. Instead use numbers or other digits, such as Jane4oe6@isp.com.
***Use one e-mail address for close friends and family and another for everyone else. Free addresses are available from Yahoo! and Hotmail. You can also get a disposable forwarding address from http://www.spammotel.com/. If an address attracts too much spam, get rid of it and establish a new one.
***Don't post your e-mail address on a public web page. Spammers use software that harvests text addresses. Substitute "janedoe at isp.com" for "janedoe@isp.com." Or display your address as a graphic image, not text.
***Don't enter your address on a website before you check its privacy policy.
***Uncheck any check boxes. These often grant the site or its partners permission to contact you.
***Don't click on an e-mail's "unsubscribe" link unless you trust the sender. This action tells the sender you're there.
***Never forward chain letters, petitions or virus warnings. All could be a spammer's trick to collect addresses.
***Disable your e-mail "preview pane." This stops spam from reporting to its sender that you've received it.
***hoose an Internet Service Provider (ISP) that filters e-mail. If you get lots of spam, your ISP may not be filtering effectively.
***Use spam-blocking software. Web browser software often includes free filtering options. You can also purchase special software that will accomplish this task.
***Report spam. Alert your ISP that spam is slipping through its filters. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) also wants to know about "unsolicited commercial e-mail." Forward spam to uce@ftc.gov. Some e-mail users have lost money to bogus offers that arrived as spam in their in-box. Con artists are very cunning; they know how to make their claims seem legitimate. Some spam messages ask for your business, others invite you to a website with a detailed pitch. Either way, these tips can help you avoid spam scams:
***Protect your personal information. Share credit card or other personal information only when you're buying from a company you know and trust.
***Know with whom you're dealing. Don't do business with any company that won't provide its name, street address, and telephone number.
***Take your time. Resist the urge to "act now" despite the offer and terms. Once you turn over your money, you might never get it back.
***Read the small print. Get all promises in writing and review them carefully before you make a payment or sign a contract.
***Never pay for a "free" gift. Disregard any offer that asks you to pay for a gift or prize. If it's free or a gift, you shouldn't have to pay for it. Free means free. The FTC has many online publications about Internet usage topics including online auctions, e-mail, spam, shopping and privacy protection. Visit http://www.ftc.gov/.
--Be Suspicious of Mass E-mails Many mass e-mails contain false alarms, misleading requests for donations or fictitious offers of money and free goods. You can check the validity of almost any mass e-mail at http://www.snopes.com/. Don't forward an e-mail unless you're sure that it contains accurate information. Not only do such e-mails confuse recipients, they are often used to collect e-mail addresses for spammers.
--Phishing Is A Growing Problem "Phishing" is the use of fraudulent e-mail designed to steal identities as well as vital personal information such as credit card numbers, bank account PINS and passwords. Phishing e-mails often ask you to verify this type of information. Legitimate companies never ask for your password or account number via e-mail. If you're not sure, call the company directly.
Phishing is one of the fastest-growing scams, and the 4th most frequent complaint received by the National Consumers League. Worse, it's getting tougher for consumers to accurately spot fake e-mails.
Don't Take The Bait
Don't reply to e-mail messages that claim your credit card information or other personal information needs to be updated.
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Internet: Choosing Service Providers

Internet - Choosing Service Providers
With thousands of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) offering to connect you and your computer to the Internet, choosing the ISP that is right for you can be overwhelming. Some ISPs are very large and well known, such as AOL, MSN, and Earthlink, while others are literally one-person operations. Some companies strictly limit their service to providing Internet access. Others, like your telephone and cable company, may offer Internet access as part of a much larger package.
If you have limited Internet expertise, you may want to start with one of the well-known ISPs.
They usually offer user-friendly startup software. This software often includes features such as a browser, instant messaging, parental controls, and pop-up blockers. Many also offer 24-7 access to technical support, which can help you deal with any difficulties. Of course, all of this convenience results in higher monthly user fees. Once you are comfortable with how the Internet works, you may discover you don't need all the 'extras' and switch to a lower-cost ISP.
Whatever your present level of expertise, you will want to consider these factors when selecting a provider.
***Speed. For a dial-up modem, does the ISP provide a 56k connection-the maximum speed ordinary phone lines can handle? For a faster connection, you will have to consider moving up to "broadband Internet access", which lets you access the Internet via high-speed technologies, such as a digital subscriber line (DSL), a cable modem, or satellite.
***Availability. For dial-up service, is there a local phone number for access? If you travel, will there be local numbers or a toll-free number that you can call?
***Modem Ratio. Since not all users are online at the same time, it is not necessary for an ISP to have a modem for every user. But they should have a user to modem ratio of 10 to 1 or better. The lower the number of users per modem, the better your chance of being able to connect at peak hours.
***Email. How many e-mail accounts come with the service? What will be the storage limit on your mailbox? How many days does the ISP keep your mail before deleting it?
***Website Space. Do you want to create a personal website? If so, find out whether your provider offers web space and software to create your page.
***Software. Is there any software required to activate the service? How do you get it? How large is the software? Can you use whatever browser or e-mail program you'd like?
***Support. What kinds of support are available-phone, e-mail, chat, etc.? What are the hours of support? Are there any additional charges for support?
***Special Features. What services are provided in terms of spam blocking, virus protection, instant messaging, and chat rooms?
***Terms of Service. Is there a limit to the number of hours per month you can use the service?
***Cost. What is the monthly fee for the service? Are there any additional equipment or setup fees? What is the fee for extra e-mail accounts?
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Save Money: Grocery Bill

Tips to Help Lower the Grocery Bill

STILLWATER, Okla. -- Just like prices at the pump, consumers are seeing increases in the grocery store as well.
The Department of Labor estimates that the average American family of four spends $8,513 per year on groceries. That averages out to $709 per month. For some families, that rivals a mortgage payment.
Groceries gobble up the biggest part of a family’s household budget, said Sissy Osteen, Oklahoma State University Cooperative Extension Service resource management specialist.
“One of the easiest ways to lower your grocery bill is to simply make fewer trips to the store. Make a big trip once or twice a month,” Osteen said. “The fewer times you’re in the store, the less opportunity you’ll have for impulse buying. Research indicates that consumers making a ‘quick trip’ to the store end up spending 54 percent more than they intended.”
A consumer who goes to the store three times per week and spends $10 on impulse buys each trip will end up spending an additional $120 per month. By going to the store just once per week, consumers will spend only $40 per month on impulse buys and shopping once per month will spend $10 on impulse items. The shopping less saving more strategy can save families nearly $1,000 per year.
Shoppers can easily shave several dollars from their grocery bill by purchasing generic or store brand products over national brand items.
“In most cases you won’t sacrifice much in quality,” she said. “Everything from cereal and frozen vegetables to canned goods and prescription drugs is available under a generic or store brand label. You can save from a few cents to a couple of dollars per item. The savings can quickly add up.”
If there are a number of grocery stores in your area, compare the weekly sales ads and plan menus accordingly. Look for cheaper cuts of meat. Chicken thighs and legs cost less than chicken breasts.
Osteen said coupons can be a good way to save money. Many stores will double coupons up to a dollar.
“Keep in mind that you should only use coupons for products you use,” she said. “Be sure to compare the discounted price to the price of a store-brand product. Even with a coupon, you may be better off buying the store brand.”
Also, when it comes to shopping, make a list and stick to it. Plan the week’s meals and snacks and jot down everything needed for each meal. If possible, shop without your children so you are not tempted to give into pressure from youngsters for an extra treat or toy that is not on the list. “Be sure to compare prices on everything. Bagged apples may be cheaper than bulk apples,” Osteen said. “Bagged salads will cost you more than buying the ingredients separately. Most grocery stores post the price per ounce, pound or other unit of measurement. The largest size of a product may not always be the cheapest. However, don’t buy more than you’ll use. If you end up throwing things out, you’ve wasted your money, no matter how good the deal was to begin with. Additionally, if you find that you have accumulated too many grocery items, skip a shopping trip and plan your week’s meals around what you have on hand. This saves money and time.”
Eating out is another way consumers can let spending get out of control. Make an effort to cut back on eating out, drive-through dining and food delivered to the home.
“If you must eat out, try doing so at lunch time to take advantage of lunch specials and lower prices,” Osteen said. “Instead of going out for lunch everyday at work, bring lunch from home. Spending just $2 per day on a home-made lunch versus $6 per day on a sandwich shop can save you nearly $1,000 per year.”
Many consumers stop by a coffee shop on their way to work for a latte or cappuccino. This $4 per day habit adds up to more than $1,000 per year. Invest in a good-quality machine and make your own coffee at home or at work.
“There are some expenditures families can do without, but groceries are always needed,” Osteen said. “Taking some time to plan menus and curbing eating out can help keep your budget on track.”
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Save Money: Food

Tactics for Stretching Your Food Dollar

SEARCY, Ark. -- Food prices continue to rise and all of us need to watch how we spend our food dollar.
"Did you know that you can stretch your food dollar at the grocery store, but still buy food that tastes good and is good for you?" asks Katie Cobb, White County extension agent with the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. "With careful planning and preparation, you can stretch your money farther than you thought possible."
Cobb offers these suggestions for each trip to the grocery store:
***Avoid buying convenience foods, which are more expensive than made-from-scratch meals. ***Buy low-cost foods such as dry beans and peas, in-season fresh fruits and vegetables, and regular rice and potatoes instead of instant.
***Remember portion size when buying meat. One serving of cooked meat is about the size of a deck of cards.
***Buy whole chickens and turkeys, which are less expensive than pre-cut ones.
***Buy large packages of meats and divide them into meal portions for the freezer.
***Check the grocery store’s lower shelves for better buys since the most expensive items will be at eye level. Cobb continues with additional tips for stretching meat dollars.
***Remember that we need about 5-6 ounces of meat or other protein each day as a part of a balanced diet.
***Select high protein foods such as kidney beans, chickpeas or peanut butter. These substitutes are healthy and less expensive than meat.
***Stretch meatloaf or meatballs by mixing ground meat with whole grain bread, brown rice or barley or grated vegetables, including carrots, onions or zucchini. "Plan out a week’s worth of menus, make your grocery list, stick to your list, and plan out preparation strategies such as cooking the brown rice and chopping the vegetables the night before, taking frozen food out of the freezer the night before to thaw in the refrigerator or soaking the beans," Cobb said.
For more information about stretching your food dollar, contact your county extension agent or visit http://www.uaex.edu/ and select Families & Consumers, then Money. The Cooperative Extension Service is part of the U of A Division of Agriculture.
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Save Money: Coupons

Coupons Still Offer Big Savings
LOGAN, Utah -- Coupons save consumers nearly $3 billion annually. Approximately 76 percent of the population uses coupons, with an average savings of 11.5 percent on grocery costs. Yet consumers used less than 1 percent of available coupons in 2005. Consider these suggestions to make using coupons work for you.
***Buy only those items that you normally select for your family. Just because you have a coupon doesn’t mean you have to use it. Don’t allow coupons to cause you to buy on impulse. ***Comparison shop. Don’t assume bigger is better. It may be less expensive to buy two smaller items with coupons than one larger item. If a coupon is good for any size, the smaller size is generally a better buy.
***Try different brands. This will expand the coupons you are able to use and may introduce you to new products you like.
***Know store policies on such things as “buy one get one free” or 10-for-10 pricing. Does the store match competitors’ prices and/or coupons? Do they have double coupon days? Can a manufacturer’s coupon be used with a store coupon?
***Find a coupon organizational system that works for you. Some shoppers organize coupons according to store layout. Some clip coupons only for items they use. Others put the entire ad in a binder. Do what works best for you.
***Always take your coupons when you shop. There may be closeouts or other specials not listed in the store’s ads.
***Remember that even coupons for small amounts add up quickly if they are for items you use regularly.
***For additional savings, combine coupons with rebates, combine manufacturer and store “buy one get one free” coupons and use coupons on seasonal promotions and closeouts. Using these methods, some items can be free.
***Look for discounts on prescriptions. Many pharmacies offer a discount with multiple refills. New or transferred prescriptions may receive discounts or gift cards. Know your insurance coverage. It may cost as much for a several-month supply as a one- month supply. Check drug manufacturers’ Web sites for rebates, or visit http://www.optimizerx.com/.
***Don’t forget to look for discounts on such things as home repairs, yard work, dry cleaning, photo developing, fitness centers, restaurants, car repairs and travel.
***Avoid paying for coupons. In addition to newspapers, magazines, mailers, store ads and displays and product packages, many Web sites offer printable coupons. Some include: http://www.smartsource.com/ http://www.boodle.com/ http://www.coolsavings.com/ http://www.livingcheap.com/ http://www.mycoupons.com/ http://www.coupons.com/ http://www.currentcodes.com/ http://www.coupons-coupon-codes.com/ http://www.allfreecoupons.com/ Search the Internet to find additional sites that offer coupons.
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Save Money: Fuel Cost

Try These Tips for Fuel Cost Savings

FARGO, N.D. -- With the rising cost of fuel, many people are looking for ways to make their vehicles more efficient.
“There are a number of simple things to do to save a few dollars on your fuel budget,” says Carl Pedersen, North Dakota State University Extension Service energy educator. “All vehicles are different and will experience various levels of savings, but there are a few of the basics that work for all types of cars and trucks.”
Here are some of the ways you can lower your fuel costs:
***Make sure your air filter is clean. Clogged air filters make your engine work harder, burning more fuel to create the same amount of power. Replacing a clogged air filter can save up to 10 percent on fuel costs, or up to 35 cents a gallon.
***Check the air pressure on your tires. Tires that aren’t inflated to the proper level may reduce mileage per gallon as much as 3 percent. Properly inflated tires also last longer and are safer for you and your family. Paying attention to tire pressure could save you up to 10 cents per gallon. Overinflating a tire results in uneven tire wear.
***Slow down. Most vehicle mileage drastically begins to drop off at speeds in excess of 60 mph. As a general rule, every 5 miles an hour in excess of 60 mph is costing you an extra 20 cents a gallon.
***Calm down. Aggressive driving, rapid acceleration and braking can affect fuel mileage. By avoiding such behavior, you can see savings up to 30 percent. That could be a savings of more than $1 per gallon.
***Remove extra weight. Those bags of traction sand you left in the bed of the truck or trunk are reducing your mileage. Extra weight will affect smaller cars more than larger vehicles, but removing extra weight, especially in excess of 100 pounds, can improve mileage from 4 cents to 7 cents a gallon.
***Car pool. Combining trips with friends, family or co-workers not only saves gas money, but wear and tear on vehicles as well.
***Be leery of “gas-saving” claims. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has tested more than 100 fuel-saving products and has found none that significantly improve fuel mileage. In fact, a number of them actually caused damage to the engines in which they were used.
***Make sure your car is maintained according to manufacturers’ recommendations. Driving a car with the check engine light on or one that obviously is not running properly can affect mileage drastically. An improperly functioning oxygen sensor can make the engine use as much as 40 percent more fuel. At $3.51 per gallon, that would be the equivalent of paying an extra $1.40 for every gallon of gas used.
***Reduce extra wind resistance. Using a loaded roof rack increases fuel consumption.
***If you are in the market for a new vehicle, choose one that is more fuel efficient. According to the federal government Web site http://www.fueleconomy.gov/, a person driving 15,000 miles a year can realize a savings of $878 per year by driving a vehicle that gets 30 miles per gallon versus one that gets 20 mpg. That is a savings of more than $4,388 in five years.
For more tips on cutting your fuel costs, visit these Web sites:
http://agbiopubs.sdstate.edu/articles/ExEx14094.pdf http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/drive.shtml http://www.ftc.gov/ftc/oilgas/archive/061013.htm
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Save Money: Any Way You Can

Save Money Any Way You Can

MURFREESBORO, Ark. -- Saving money can be difficult for many people.
"If you’re trying to save money, start with direct deposit," says Robbie McKinnon, Pike Count extension agent with the University of Arkansas Division of Agriculture. "If the money goes straight into my account without me ever seeing it, I’m much more likely to save."
Tax refund checks are the front of everyone’s mind. The IRS can people save by having the refund check directly deposited into an account.
"The IRS will allow for refund checks to go into up to three separate accounts," McKinnon says.
McKinnon says consumers can also save money while they’re purchasing goods or service.
"First, save money by comparison shopping. Many times, you can purchase the generic brand of the same item without sacrificing quality. Second, select a free checking account or one with no minimum balance requirement. Also, request a complete list of fees associated with the account, including ATM and debit card fees."
To earn the highest return on savings with little or no risk, consider certificates of deposit or a United States savings bond, either series I or EE.
Late fees associated with credit card payments can take out a big chunk out of the budget. Avoid these fees and send in the payment at least seven days before the statement due date. A late payment on one card can increase fees and interest rates on others. Avoid interest charges by paying off the bill each month. If you’re unable to pay off the balance, pay as much as you can. Shift the remaining balance to a card with a lower annual percentage rate. Consider using your tax refund to pay off the balance of the card with the highest interest rate. In the long run, you’ll save more by not paying the fees accumulating on the card.
When buying a car, pay with cash or make a large down payment. These two tips will save several thousand dollars in finance charges. Get the shortest term loan possible and this will lower the interest rate. Getting a rate quote or pre-approved loan from a bank or credit union rather than dealer financing can save as much as $1,000 in finance charges.
Save tens of thousands of dollars in interest charges by shopping for the shortest-term mortgage you can afford. For each $100,000 borrowed at seven percent annual percentage rate, you can save $75,000 in interest on a 15-year fixed rate loan than on a 30-year fixed rate loan.
Plan smart to save money on home repairs. Choose a licensed contractor and have them submit a written, fixed price bid. Don’t sign a contract requiring full payment before work is completed.
If home repairs include new appliances, read Consumer Reports for up-to-date information on brands, pricing and quality. Also, look for the yellow Energy Guide label and choose appliances earning the government’s ENERGY STAR, which can save up to 50% in energy use. Be sure to compare prices and get the best deal possible.
You can save hundreds of dollars a year by shopping at lower-priced food stores. You will spend less on food shopping with a list, taking advantage of sales and purchasing basic ingredients. Pre-packaged and ready-made items tend to cost a little more. Compare price-per-ounce or other unit prices on shelf labels.

For more information on saving money, including a new program called Arkansas Saves, visit http://www.uaex.edu/. The Cooperative Extension Service is part of the U of A Division of Agriculture.

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